Balance of power, Cold War and Civil War.

📌BALANCE OF POWER : 

🔸 This term has developed no clear meaning due to multiple interpretations available. 

🔸However, balance of power as a concept in international relations was used from the sixteenth century to early twentieth century, to describe an instrument of policy to prevent power dominance. 

🔸The European state system from 1815 to 1914 was an example of the use of BOP as an instrument to curb the quest for hegemonic ambitions.

 

🔸Hedley Bull asserted that BOP has prevented the formation of a universal empire through conquest. 

📌COLD WAR :

🔸The term was coined by HB Scope, who was an American journalist. Walter 

Lipmann popularised the term, and stated that Cold War describes a situation where there is no war, yet no peace. 

🔸It is a term that signified the global ideological tensions in the world created in the aftermath of the World War II by the US and the Soviet Union.

📌CIVIL WAR :

🔸A civil war is an internal state of violence within a nation where two or more factions fight to take over control of the political or legal apparatus of the state. 

🔸There are three broad reasons as to why a civil war may happen. A civil war could happen to end colonialism; break away from a state and lastly, to achieve a reunion of separated states. 

🔸In case of colonialism, there could be a civil war when some people in a colony favour an end to colonialism while a significant body intends to support colonial rule for the fear that the anticolonial insurgents could establish a political and an economic order that may affect those people.